1. Introduction and Historical Survey ............................................ ......1
2. Tissue Basis of Colposcopy ...........................................................................................8
3. Screening Tests for Cervical Cancer: An Update for the Gynecologist ........... ... .....26
4. The Colposcopy Unit ........................................................... ........65
5. Colposcopic Terminology and Appearances of the Cervix ...........................................87
6. Assessment and Interpretation of Abnormal Colposcopic Appearances of the Cer.....100
7. Indications and Technique of Colposcopy of the Cervix ..............................................123
8. Problems and Errors in Colposcopy .................................................. ........143
9. Atlas of Colpophotographs: Normal Transformation Zone ..........................................155
10. Atlas of Colpophotographs of Abnormal Transformation Zone: Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasi...169
11. Atlas of Colpophotographs of Abnormal Transformation Zone: Microinvasive and Invasive Cancer ......211
12. Atlas of Colpophotographs: Miscellaneous and Nonspecific Colposcopic Findings..234
13. Colposcopy during Pregnancy....................................................................................246
14. Colposcopy of the Vagina ..........................................................................................254
15. Colposcopy of the Vulva ............................................................................ ..........280
16. Colposcopy of Human Papillomavirus Genital Lesions in Women ......... ..... ..294
17. Management of Women with Abnormal Primary Screening Test Results ...................308
18. Biopsy-proven Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: Management Options ..................324
19. Ablative and Excisional Treatments for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ...............335
20. Problematic and Interesting Cases of Colposcopy ............................... ........354
21. Gray Areas in Colposcopy..................................................................... ........... 385
22. Immunostaining and Advances in Technology for Cervical Cancer Screening ...........399
23. Reprocessing and Cleaning in the Colposcopy Clinic ......................................... ....411
24. Quality Assurance in Colposcopy Services ...................................................................418
25. Colposcopy Training, Certification, and Accreditation ............................................. 423
APPENDICES
Appendix 1: Syllabus for Training in Colposcopy .................... .429
Appendix 2: Colposcopy Training Program. Patient Log Form .......................... .....430
Appendix 3A: 5% Acetic Acid and Lugol’s Iodine ............................................... ......432
Appendix 3B: Monsel’s Paste and Glycerol Starch ..........................................................433
Appendix 4: Colposcopy Evaluation Form ........................................................................434
Appendix 5: Line Diagrams of Cervix ................................................................... ....439
Appendix 6: Line Diagrams of Vagina .................................................................................440
Appendix 7: Line Diagrams of Vulva ................................................................... .........441
Appendix 8: The 2014 Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology ............ ...442
Appendix 9: International Federation for Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy: Colposcopic Terminology (2011) ............................................................................... .444 Appendix 10: Comprehensive Standards for Good Practice in Colposcopy .. ...........446
Appendix 11: Cryosurgery Record ................................................................... .......448
Appendix 12: LEEP/LLETZ Record .............................. ............... ........452
Appendix 13: Important Links ................................................................. .............456
Index ............................................................................................. ......457